Infatuation Rules
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What is the most common form of gaslighting?

Shifting blame is a common gaslighting tactic. Accusing the victim of being the gaslighter causes confusion, makes them question the situation, and draws attention away from the true gaslighter's harmful behavior, Sarkis says.

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Gaslighting can occur in unique ways in some of the most damaging, unhealthy relationships, where the other party manipulates conversations to minimize your feelings. But there are hallmark expressions and tactics that most can learn to associate with this toxic practice once they've learned to do so — “You’re blowing things way out of proportion.” “You’re misunderstanding what I’m saying.” “You’re just crazy.” If you're catching yourself recognizing these phrases while confronting your partner, sibling or your boss, all while constantly second-guessing yourself or apologizing for things you can't recall, you've fallen victim to gaslighting. Gaslighting takes place when someone “tries to get another person or a group of people to question or doubt their own beliefs or their own reality,” explains Danielle Hairston, M.D., assistant professor of psychiatry and psychiatry residency training director at Howard University. “It’s a manipulation tactic.” She adds that gaslighters accuse their victims of exaggerating or misunderstanding a situation and sometimes deny that an event ever happened. This leaves victims of gaslighting questioning a past or present situation, as well as the intentions of others’ statements or actions and whether they’re reacting appropriately.

What is gaslighting, exactly?

Gaslighting is a form of emotional abuse, where someone is manipulated into “doubting his or her perceptions, experiences, or understanding of events,” according to the American Psychological Association (APA). It previously referred to extreme manipulation that could lead to someone developing a mental illness or needing to be committed to a psychiatric institution, but the APA says it’s used more generally now. The term originated from a 1938 play by Patrick Hamilton and the 1944 film adaptation Gaslight. In the movie, a wife starts to doubt her sanity after her manipulative husband starts slowly dimming the gas lamps in their home and making other changes to their environment. When she brings it up, he tells her she’s forgetful, imagining things and behaving oddly, and isolates her from others. Gaslighters strive to make someone lose trust and confidence in themselves or feel confused about reality, Dr. Hairston says, “It’s trying to distract you or deflect guilt or accountability and responsibility. Sometimes, it’s even harsher, like someone is trying to belittle you or damage or chip away at your self-esteem.” Here are 18 common phrases gaslighters often use when confronted, and more information below about how you can empower yourself to respond to gaslighting. You can also use the details below if you find yourself gaslighting others.

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How do guys act before they propose?

The most telling sign he's planning to propose? He makes plans that are a little too secretive or vague – like a weekend trip to Paris or the beach, a reservation at an exclusive restaurant or a rendezvous at any place that: has personal significance for the two of you or for him (like where his parents got engaged)

The day my boyfriend proposed to me I was furious with him. It was Valentine’s Day and we were vacationing in Florida with friends.I had asked him earlier if he wanted to do anything special to celebrate the holiday, and he responded with a casual “nah.” He barely said two words to me all day, yet he practically wore out my hand from constantly holding it. To make matters worse, our friends kept looking at me like I was growing two heads.Little did I know, my boyfriend was displaying all the classic symptoms that he was going to propose. If your boyfriend’s been acting strange lately, or if you can’t help wondering when he will finally pop the question, take a look at these 10 signs that he is getting ready to propose to you…

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