What is a circle of friendship?

The 'Circle of Friends' intervention is aimed primarily at improving the inclusion of children with challenging behaviour, SEN or personal concerns within mainstream schools. It works by gathering the student's peers in a circle of friendly support to help the young person with their problem solving.

worcestershire.gov.uk - Circle of friends - Worcestershire Children First Education Services

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Promotion

key skills targeted are social and emotional, friendships and self esteem

suitable fo all age ranges

staffing implications an adult to lead activity

no resources needed

likely outcomes are greater inclusion, peer awareness and increased self esteem

Aims

to increase the level of inclusion of pupils who might currently be excluded from their peer group to develop the social and emotional skills of those pupils identified as members of the group, for example, the ability to listen, to reflect, to evaluate, to empathize, to problem solve, to understand, identify and cope effectively with feelings (of self and others)

What is Circle of Friends?

In a 2014 study it was found that “All participants believed Circle of Friends benefitted students with ASD and their peers, as well as themselves": Reference: Schlieder, Marylou and Maldonado, Nancy and Baltes, Beate. (2014). An investigation of “Circle of Friends” peer-mediated intervention for students with autism. The Journal of Social Change. 6. 27-40. 10.5590/JOSC.2014.06.1.04. The ‘Circle of Friends’ intervention is aimed primarily at improving the inclusion of children with challenging behaviour, SEN or personal concerns within mainstream schools. It works by gathering the student’s peers in a circle of friendly support to help the young person with their problem solving. This approach can also be widely used with all students who are struggling to find support or friendship.

Who will benefit?

The child who may be feeling isolated or excluded will benefit as will their peers who learn supporting and empathy skills. The school community more widely is likely to become more reflective and inclusive.

How to implement

Adults play a key part in the approach, especially at the start of the programme, but then most of the work is carried out by "the friends". Early on in the intervention, the key adult meets with the student and their chosen group for around 20 minutes per week to help them with their problem solving together as a team. Initially, the child draws a picture of his or her circles of support, beginning with him or herself. The child is in the center circle. The first ring around the circle includes the people closest to the focus person, usually parents and siblings. The second ring includes friends who care about the focus person and want to be involved in the process. The third ring includes the professionals who help with medical, therapeutic and educational needs and those who facilitate the planning process.

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Promotion

Next, the facilitator (the teacher or TA) gives a short presentation about the child’s needs to the group of friends. This may mean the child’s classmates at school or a different set of peers, depending on the situation. The presentation may be done in the presence of the child, or with the child absent if that makes the child more comfortable. At the end of the presentation, the peers are invited to volunteer to be in the Circle of Friends for the child. Around 6 is recommended. The circle must commit to meet on a regular basis over a period of around a year, with the hope that peers will choose to remain in the circle on an extended basis. At regular meetings, the circle identifies areas in which the child needs assistance, develops creative strategies and learns how to interact effectively with the child. Circle of Friends provides an ongoing and cost-effective strategy for schools, because the facilitator is only needed for around 30 minutes per week, and the peers and the child apply their strategies for the rest of the week. It’s a pro-active way to help prevent bullying and build a sense of community in the school.

Email: autism@worcestershirechildrenfirst.co.uk

worcestershire.gov.uk - Circle of friends - Worcestershire Children First Education Services

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