What happens when bonds are broken?

A chemical reaction occurs when chemical bonds are broken and formed and atoms are exchanged to produce chemically different species. Both of these processes are chemical reactions.

chem.libretexts.org - 2.13: The process of making and breaking chemical bonds

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The preceding section has discussed chemical compounds and the two major kinds of bonds— covalent bonds and ionic bonds — that hold them together. Next is discussed the process of making and taking apart chemical compounds, chemical reactions. A chemical reaction occurs when chemical bonds are broken and formed and atoms are exchanged to produce chemically different species. First consider two very simple chemical reactions involving only one element, oxygen. In the very thin air high in the stratosphere more than 10 kilometers above Earth’s surface (above the altitudes where jet airliners normally cruise), high-energy ultraviolet radiation from the sun, represented by the symbol \(h

u\), splits apart molecules of elemental oxygen, O 2 ,

\[O_{2} + h

u \rightarrow 2O\]

to produce oxygen atoms. As with most single atoms, the O atoms are reactive and combine with oxygen molecules to produce ozone, O 3 :

\[O + O_{2} \rightarrow O_{3}\]

Both of these processes are chemical reactions. In a chemical reaction, the substances on the left of the arrow (read as “yields”) are the reactants and those on the right of the arrow are products. The first of these reactions states that the chemical bond holding together a molecule of O 2 reactant is split apart by the high energy of the ultraviolet radiation to produce two oxygen atom products. In the second reaction, an oxygen atom reactant, O, and an oxygen molecule reactant, O 2 , form a chemical bond to yield an ozone product, O3. Are these very simple chemical reactions important to us? Emphatically yes. They produce a shield of ozone molecules in the stratosphere which in turn absorb ultraviolet radiation that otherwise would reach Earth’s surface, destroying life, causing skin cancer and other maladies that would make our existence on Earth impossible. As discussed in Chapter 10, the use of chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants (Freons) has seriously threatened the stratospheric ozone layer. It is a triumph of environmental chemistry that this threat was realized in time to do something about it and an accomplishment of green chemistry to develop relatively safe substitutes for ozone-threatening chemicals. Many chemical reactions are discussed in this book. At this point a very common chemical reaction can be considered, that of elemental hydrogen with elemental oxygen to produce water. A first approach to writing this reaction is

\[H_{2} + O_{2} \rightarrow H_{2}O\]

stating that elemental hydrogen and elemental oxygen react together to produce water. This is not yet a proper chemical equation because it is not balanced. A balanced chemical equation has the same number of each kind of atom on both sides of the equation. As shown above, there are 2 H atoms in the single H 2 molecule on the left and 2 H atoms in the single molecule H 2 O product. That balances hydrogen, but leaves 2 O atoms in the O 2 molecule on the left with only 1 O atom in the single H 2 O molecule product. But, writing the reaction a

\[2H_{2} + O_{2} \rightarrow 2H_{2}O\]

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What signs are karmically linked?

Signs you're in a karmic relationship There's an instant connection. ... There's a lot of drama. ... Things feel off early on. ... They make you feel frustrated. ... They're unpleasant to be around. ... They're addicting. ... There's a lot of miscommunication. ... There are a lot of highs and lows. More items... •

mindbodygreen.com - What Is A Karmic Relationship? 15 Signs & How To Escape

A karmic relationship is a relationship meant to facilitate the lessons we need to learn in this lifetime surrounding love and partnership. More likely than not, we'll each have one of these karmic relationships in our lifetime. It might be thought of as a type of soulmate relationship, as it is a connection of two souls, though it's different from the kind of soulmates that are healing in nature. These relationships aren't exactly smooth sailing. It's the love that pushes your buttons—and pushes you to grow. From a spiritual POV, the idea behind karmic relationships is that the two of you made an agreement before your souls entered this lifetime, to help each other on your respective paths. "Very often," explains relationship counselor Margaret Paul, Ph.D., "there are numerous unresolved issues from past lives. When people open to learning rather than try to control each other, then much healing can occur." In this way, karmic relationships are like guides or teachers. And usually, they're temporary. "They're meant to help you grow at soul level in often difficult push-pull ways," says Shannon Kaiser, author of The Self-Love Experiment. "But usually they are not intended to last a long time. This is because you are coming together in this life to clear karma between each other. It's often a balancing out of a bad experience from a past life."

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