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Is slime mold toxic?

All are basically harmless and are beneficial. Slime molds are not toxic, poisonous or venomous, and they help build up sandy soils by returning nutrients to the soil. Spores of slime molds move easily; they may have come in with the mulch, however, they also may have blown in from anywhere.

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Carol Cloud Bailey

Special to TCPalm

Q: Can you tell me what the mold-like thing in the photograph is? I think it appeared after a recent rainfall.

— Robert, Vero Beach

A: It’s good to see a layer of mulch in the landscape. Organic mulches are beneficial in landscape beds; they conserve moisture, suppress weeds, modify soil temperature and moderate soil pH. They also are beneficial by slowing or preventing soil erosion and reducing compaction. When placed so it's not piled against the plant stem or trunk, or building, organic mulches are good for plants and the Florida landscape.

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Organic mulches consist of the remnants of living things such as chopped tree bark, leaves, or ground wood. Like all organic matter in the landscape or forest, mulch breaks down over time with the help of insects, bacteria and fungi; this is a good thing. If all the leaves, stems, trunks, and other plant parts that fall from trees and other plant were to remain intact, the earth quickly would become covered in plant debris. The mold in the photo is a slime mold. It is a saprophytic creature, which means it lives to decompose organic matter. However, it is not classified as a mold or fungus scientifically. It is neither a plant nor animal and is grouped in Kingdom Protista with other single-cell and a few multi-celled organisms such as algae and some kelp.

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Slime molds often occur in the mulch, but can and do grow on just about anything organic, including turfgrasses. The species which grows on grass is often gray or black in color. All are basically harmless and are beneficial. Slime molds are not toxic, poisonous or venomous, and they help build up sandy soils by returning nutrients to the soil. Spores of slime molds move easily; they may have come in with the mulch, however, they also may have blown in from anywhere. Some folks report the typical mulch slime mold looks like dog vomit. Be assured, this is just a bunch of cellular critters doing their jobs of decomposition in a collective, spongy-looking group.

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Slime mold looks threatening and damaging to the landscape, however, the slime will quickly dry out into a caked blob which is filled with millions of spores, ready to blow somewhere else. Slime mold is not harmful, and there is no pesticide or other spray which will prevent it from growing. If the pile of decomposers is bothersome, grab a shovel and remove the clump out of the mulch and bury it. Carol Cloud Bailey is a landscape counselor and horticulturist. Send questions to carol@yard-doc.com or visit www.yard-doc.com for more information. Want more Treasure Coast news you can use? If you're already a subscriber to TCPalm, thank you! If not, please subscribe and help keep news and entertainment coverage coming to you.

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Can you eat fish caught during red tide?

Lobster meat, crab, shrimp, and most finfish do not normally accumulate toxin and are safe to eat from affected waters.

Only a few marine animals accumulate these toxins. Shellfish, including hard-shell clams, soft-shell clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops, are particularly prone to contamination as they feed by filtering microscopic food out of the water. If toxic planktonic organisms are present, they are filtered from the water along with other nontoxic foods. Whelks and moon snails can also accumulate dangerous levels of the toxin during red tide as they feed on contaminated shellfish. During red tide blooms, hard-shell clams, soft-shell clams, oysters, mussels, whelks, and moon snails harvested from areas affected by the blooms are not safe to eat. Since toxins are stored in the digestive tract (stomach) and viscera (intestines) of these animals, scallops are safe to eat as long as only the cleaned adductor muscle (the only part generally eaten) is consumed. Lobster meat, crab, shrimp, and most finfish do not normally accumulate toxin and are safe to eat from affected waters. Lobster tomalley (the green part or liver) is not safe to eat in general, but particularly during red tide events because this part of the lobster can build up high levels of toxins and other pollutants.

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